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so obviously there's a lot of systems in

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place onboard the international space

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station to make sure we have a safe and

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livable environment for the astronauts

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and cosmonauts on board

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here to tell me about one of the new

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systems that's just been coming online

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in the first past few weeks it's dr paul

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mudgett he's in the environmental

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sciences division here at the johnson

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space center and paul first off thanks

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for joining me here today now this new

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system is called the multi-gas monitor

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real quick what does it do correct it

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the multi-gas monitor is a

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laser spectroscopy based device to

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measure four gases

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four gases are oxygen carbon dioxide

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ammonia

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and water vapor

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and the way

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the way it works is

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different gases absorb light in

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different frequencies effect there's a

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fingerprint we call fingerprint for

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example there's a fingerprint for o2 a

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different one for co2

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a really complex one for water vapor and

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different from ammonia so

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they're all mixed together

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in addition to other gases in the

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atmosphere so the idea the trick is to

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pick a feature a spectral feature

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where co2 absorbs and nothing else

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so you can be very confident the device

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can be very selective to measure the

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gases give you the right answers not

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give you false positives

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and

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measure the concentrations of each of

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those four gases

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and we partnered with

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two small companies vista photonics in

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santa fe new mexico

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they're the expert spectroscopists they

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figured out how to do this and they

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developed it through the small business

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innovation

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research program

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we invested lots of money over the last

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10 years in this technology so we took

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advantage of it we foresaw a need

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and

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design you know help them design the

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system you said you kind of first saw a

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need what was kind of the driving force

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behind developing this

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several motivations one

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you know

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currently we're using commercial

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technologies electrochemical has

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weaknesses we have to supply

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that

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the devices much more often than we'd

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like to space station

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we have a box they're a device for

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carbon dioxide another one for oxygen we

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have another one for combustion products

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and the idea that the big picture goal

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and this is the first step

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the big picture goes is like a star trek

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tricorder right to be able to measure

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all the gases you want in one device and

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laser spectroscopy i think is going to

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take us there this is the first step

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this is for gas monitor we envision

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maybe another one for combustion

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products or combining eventually

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combining all gases that we want to know

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in the environment in one one unit okay

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so you're just kind of building and

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expanding constantly and it's been

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running for a couple of weeks now how's

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everything right this is a technology

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demonstration

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um it's a flight experiment

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and

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the idea is to let it run long term six

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months at least on on orbit and on

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orbits a different

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environment like for example in this

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room it's much more complex in terms of

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the chemicals that are in it

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and plus you have maybe micro vibrations

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and whatnot that could affect

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a device but

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it's been running great we had

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we're very pleased with its performance

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we're comparing it with other assets

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we're comparing oxygen and carbon

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dioxide measurements with

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with the major constituent analyzer and

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they match very well

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um

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part of the part of the demonstration is

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to take it out of the rack it's

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currently in the japanese experiment

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module

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and we'll be taking it out of that the

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crew will be taken out of that and then

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relocating it to several locations

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leaving them leaving it a week in each

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location then returning it to the rack

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for

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to download all the data

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okay and so what kind of makes it

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different than what's already monitoring

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on board the international space station

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our devices is smaller it's lighter

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it draws less power and we have as we

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read this one real quick the one that

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we're showing that one's here inside the

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room right now just kind of giving us

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what our atmosphere is here inside of

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mission control right it's fairly simple

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looking device at least from the outside

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it just draws air in with a simple fan

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it

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the cell is

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such that it's there's no alignments no

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mirrors no lenses no

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nothing that could get out of alignment

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from from vibration or from bumping it

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so it's very rugged technology

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okay well what are some of kind of

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looking towards the future you said you

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want to

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expand upon it and add in more gases

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what are some of the future applications

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for this device say on space flights to

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mars long duration things like that yeah

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so for

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for even for orion you know you need

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um

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very reliable systems anything beyond

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low earth orbit has to be

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incredibly reliable

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and that's that's one of the goals of

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this tech demo is to demonstrate that it

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doesn't need calibration it stays in

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calibration doesn't drift those are all

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the kind of problems we've had before

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with previous technologies

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um

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for uh

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you know as i said we want to combine

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yes

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we want to be able to shrink it this is

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not the limit to the miniaturization we

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can do

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so we're excited about it we we think it

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is the

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future

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so beyond spacecraft you know the navy

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the submarines are

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a great analogy to

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to um

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to the spacecraft so you have some

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applications down here on earth still

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correct and under the sea yeah so and

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then mining anywhere there's enclosed

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space you need to know build up of

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hazardous gases

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you know if you're it's a breathable

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atmosphere

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um

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you know early morning kind of kind of

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detection

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and there's there are applications i

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think everyone eventually will benefit

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from from laser spectroscopy it's just a

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matter of time

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okay well again dr paul mudgett the

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environmental sciences branch here at

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john the johnson space center talking to

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us about the multi-gas monitor

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thanks for checking in real quick and

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letting us know how you guys are keeping

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the crew safe really appreciate your